4-Phenyl-l,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione, 1, is an extremely reactive dienophile1–9 and enophile6,9 that is at least 1000 times more reactive in the Diels-Alder reaction with 2-chlorobutadiene than tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 2000 times more reactive than maleic anhydride.
Incorporation of SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) into poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix to prepare PVC/SiO2 nanocomposites (NCs) can enhance its properties. To achieve improved properties for the NCs, NPs should be dispersed properly and be compatible within the polymer matrix.
In the present work, first the hydrophilic surface of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) was modified with citric acid and then with vitamin C as bilayer surface modification for better compatibility with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix. The process was accomplished under ultrasonic method as a fast, low-cost, and green method.
The nanocomposites were manufactured by the incorporation of modified ZnO into the poly(vinyl chloride). ZnO nanoparticles were modified with diacid (DA) containing alanine amino acid. Ultrasonic irradiation was used for all process. The PVC/ZnO@DA NCs were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and mechanical analysis.
4-Phenyl-l,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione, 1, is an extremely reactive dienophile1–9 and enophile6,9 that is at least 1000 times more reactive in the Diels-Alder reaction with 2-chlorobutadiene than tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 2000 times more reactive than maleic anhydride.
In this research, the preparation of nanocomposites (NCs) containing nonaggregated nanoparticles (NPs) was studied. Alumina NPs were functionalized by two coupling agents, citric acid and ascorbic acid.