Investigation the chemical diversity of essential oils from different organs of Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth. growing wild in Isfahan province

The genus Salvia is one of the largest and most valuable genera of the mint family in the world. In Iran, 58 species of this genus grow, which have medicinal properties and are used in traditional medicine. In this study, the percentage and components of essential oils in the aerial parts of flowers and leaves-stems of the Salvia hydrangea were studied. For this purpose, different ecotypes of Salvia hydrangea were collected from natural habitats located in Semirom and Fereydounshahr counties in Isfahan province. Essential oils were extracted from the flowers, leaves-stems of this plant using a Clevenger apparatus. The obtained essential oils were analyzed and identified using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The percentage of flower essential oil in 4 ecotypes were in the range of 0.2% to 0.5% w/w and the percentage of leaf-stem essential oils in four ecotypes were in the range of 0.04% to 0.1% w/w. The percentage of essential oils in flower samples (0.13- 0.5 %) were higher than that in leaf-stem (0.04-0.1 %) samples. A total of 45 compounds were identified in the essential oil of aerial parts of this species and the main compounds in the essential oil included caryophyllene (13.61% to 30.47%) and caryophyllene oxide (1.22% to 18.66%) among the studied ecotypes. The major part of the essential oil of the flowers and leaves-stems of this plant was composed of hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes, however, the number and diversity of the essential oil components of the studied organs were somewhat different. Depending on the need and importance of each of the essential oil components in various food and pharmaceutical industries, ecotypes with the desired essential oil composition can be used